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Province of Agrigento

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What is a “risk”?

The probability of a natural phenomenon taking place.
The adoption of dangerous behaviour by a person.
The possibility that a phenomenon may cause harmful effects on population and infrastructure in a given area and period.

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What is a “danger”?

The possibility of a natural event causing harmful effects on infrastructure.
The possibility of a natural event causing harmful effects on people.
The intrinsic property of a factor that can potentially harm.

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Is it possible to estimate a risk numerically?

No, it is not possible to estimate it in any way.
Yes, it is possible to estimate it, but only empirically.
Yes, it is possible to estimate it with formulas such as Risk=DangerousnessxVulnerabilityxExposure.

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A minor earthquake strikes the area. You don’t know the rules of behaviour and where the nearest waiting area is.

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You have just completed the Civil Protection “PRONTI ALL’AZIONE” (READY FOR ACTION) course, and you are ready to join the team as a volunteer.

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You are in your house on the third floor when the ground starts shaking. What do you do?

You run out of the house using the stairs.
You run out of the house using the lift.
You take cover under a door jamb on a supporting wall, waiting for the end of the tremor.

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You notice apparent damages in your house after a strong earthquake. What do you do?

You enter the building carefully to check the damage.
You stay in the building to secure personal belongings.
You leave the building and go to the waiting areas foreseen by the Civil Protection Plan.

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You are hiking on Stromboli but are fined because you did not comply with an ordinance restricting access at high altitudes during volcanic eruptive activity.

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A significant flood hits the territory. Which of the following actions should be avoided?

Drink tap water.
Reach the highest floors of the building.
Turn off the gas and switch off the electrical system.

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Local government buys new uniforms for all local civil protection volunteers

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Landslide events are often closely linked to meteorological events:

False, landslide risk does not vary with weather conditions.
True, we speak of hydrogeological risk because the action of water is often a determining factor in landslide events.

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Etna is erupting, and some roads are closed, but you discover this late as you have not listened to the Civil Protection bulletins.

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A significant flood has just hit your area, the water is now receding, and you are returning home. What do you do?

You pay attention to where to walk, even if the water has receded.
You immediately go back to your home to shovel out the mud.
You go to turn off the electricity with wet hands and feet.

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What is an industrial risk?

The possibility that industries already present in the area make the water and air polluted and therefore toxic.
The probability that a vehicle accident will occur.
The possibility of an accident occurring in an industrial plant, causing damage to the population and the environment.

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You participate in an event organised by your municipality where you learn about the Civil Protection plan for emergencies

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Minor flooding requires Civil Protection intervention, but the water pump breaks down

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It is possible to identify the imminent danger of a tidal wave:

It is not possible to foresee the danger of a tidal wave.
In case of a sudden retreat of the sea and/or earthquake near the coast.
In the event of a sudden advance of the sea.

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What are the principal civil protection instruments for preventing risks in the territory?

Alerting, planning, training of volunteers, information to the population and exercises.
Risk management and forecasting software.
Alerting, planning, setting up shelter areas, information to the population and exercises.

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Do citizens have the opportunity to know the current fire dangerousness level in their area?

Yes, bulletins are published at irregular intervals by the Civil Protection.
No, the risk is communicated to citizens only when fires are in progress.
Yes, the Civil Protection issues daily warnings on fire risk, freely available for consultation.

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A forest fire is hardly put out because some water lances are malfunctioning

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Heat waves are only risky for the elderly:

True.
False, children, infants and the chronically ill are also at risk.

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The Civil Protection promotes risk prevention actions in the territory…

In order to completely avoid disastrous events.
In order to avoid or limit damage in the event of an emergency.

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What does rescue activity consist of?

In the totality of interventions for the protection of life and first assistance to affected populations.
In the timely reconstruction of damaged buildings so that the affected populations can return to normality as soon as possible.
In the transfer of affected populations to tent camps built in safe locations.

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Greenhouse gas emissions have not yet been decreased, and climate change is advancing. Large areas of the island are now desertified.

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An earthquake alarms your town, but thanks to the knowledge gained by the citizens of your municipality about waiting areas, squares, schools and strategic public buildings, the evacuation of buildings takes place in an orderly and safe manner.

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In what does overcoming the emergency consist?

In tackling the activities of daily life positively and purposefully.
In the initiatives necessary to remove obstacles to resuming normal living conditions in the affected territories.
The emergency is considered over five years after the events have affected the territories.

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Civil protection, as health risk prevention:

It only does awareness-raising activities on what to do in the event of a health risk.
Plans the health emergency response and raises awareness on how to behave in the event of a risk.

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During a fire-fighting operation, one of the supplied Pick-up trucks breaks down

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It’s raining a lot. What do you do:

You pay attention to the directions given by the Authorities.
You go to the beach.
You seek shelter under a rocky slope.

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You meet the director of the Sicilian Civil Protection, who presents you with an award for your work as a volunteer

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What are the most typical manifestations of hydrogeological phenomena?

Landslides, floods, coastal erosion, subsidence and avalanches.
Earthquakes and tidal waves.
Fires, heat waves, coastal erosion and avalanches.

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A new epidemic afflicts much of the world, but the pandemic prevention plan is outdated.

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A transport of toxic products is accidentally spilt into the environment. The Civil Protection:

Only provides a risk assessment.
Informs the population in the neighbouring areas, providing a risk assessment.
Does not participate in intervention operations, which is the responsibility of the police.

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How do you fight forest fires?

Watering the forests periodically to prevent them from drying out and creating fire-fighting environments.
Avoiding bad behaviour such as lighting fires and smoking in the woods.
With maintenance and cleaning operations, creation of firebreaks, training and information activities to prevent bad behaviour, promote knowledge of the risk and adopt correct behavioural norms.

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You successfully participate in a civil protection exercise on seismic risk.

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A significant eruption event on Etna causes severe damage to some villages. Evacuation procedures had not been adequately tested.

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What are the four activities that characterise the civil protection system in Italy?

Prediction, prevention, training and action.
Planning, rescue, protection, study.
Prediction, prevention, management and overcoming the emergency.

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A new eruption of Etna is in progress, and you must take a flight from Palermo...

You check the bulletins issued by civil protection and the warnings published by Palermo airport because although the risk is minimal given the distance of the airport from the volcano, flights could be cancelled or diverted because of the volcanic ash.
You are fine because Etna is several kilometres from Palermo airport.
You choose the car because even if the volcanic ash blocked air traffic, the roads would certainly be spared the inconvenience.

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When do we talk about volcanic risk?

When carrying out trekking activities in volcanic areas, the risk increases as you get closer to the crater.
When the activities of a volcano interact with the presence of man in that area.
When a volcano is erupting and lava flows out of the crater, forming more or less large lava flows.

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You join a voluntary association that participates in Civil Protection activities. You also become an influencer by recounting your experience on social media.

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A strong earthquake terrifies the city of Agrigento, and you are in your house. What place do you choose to take shelter?

The bedroom.
The stairs, especially those on high floors.
A doorway or the corner of a wall.

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What is the COC?

The Municipal Operations Center, an emergency structure managed by the mayors in case of emergency.
A guide figure to help the volunteers and the entire civil protection team raise their physical, technical, tactical and psychological potential in the event of an emergency.
A means of transport that the Civil Protection uses in case of flooding.

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When emergencies are reported, rescue operations are managed by:

Operational Emergency Response Units, directly in the province where the event takes place.
Civil Protection volunteers on duty at headquarters.
Sala Operativa Regionale Integrata Siciliana (SORIS), a single operations room that manages interventions.

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A strong earthquake hits your area. Unfortunately, the buildings had not been renovated according to reasonable earthquake-proof requirements, and considerable damage occurred.

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Why is Sicily at high seismic risk?

Because Sicily is part of the African plate and, according to the theory of plate tectonics, according to which the continents move on the earth’s mantle, the African continent is moving southwards by 7 millimetres every year, and this causes seismic activity.
Because Sicily is characterised by continuous seismic activity due to the presence of two active volcanoes, Etna and Stromboli.
Because Sicily is located along the contact zone between the European and African plates, which, according to the theory of plate tectonics, causes the rocks to break due to the pressure exerted on the crust.

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